Compare Cayman Islands (2003) - Sao Tome and Principe (2003)

Compare Cayman Islands (2003) z Sao Tome and Principe (2003)

	Cayman Islands (2003)	Sao Tome and Principe (2003)

Administrative divisions	8 districts; Creek, Eastern, Midland, South Town, Spot Bay, Stake Bay, West End, Western	2 provinces; Principe, Sao Tome note: Principe has had self-government since 29 April 1995
Age structure	0-14 years: 21.6% (male 4,525; female 4,541) 15-64 years: 70.6% (male 14,463; female 15,157) 65 years and over: 7.7% (male 1,515; female 1,733) (2003 est.)	0-14 years: 47.7% (male 42,480; female 41,411) 15-64 years: 48.3% (male 41,043; female 43,986) 65 years and over: 4% (male 3,197; female 3,766) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	vegetables, fruit; livestock, turtle farming	cocoa, coconuts, palm kernels, copra, cinnamon, pepper, coffee, bananas, papayas, beans; poultry; fish
Airports	3 (2002)	2 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2002)	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)	-
Area	total: 262 sq km land: 262 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 1,001 sq km land: 1,001 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC	more than five times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The Cayman Islands were colonized from Jamaica by the British during the 18th and 19th centuries. Administered by Jamaica since 1863, they remained a British dependency after 1962 when the former became independent.	Discovered and claimed by Portugal in the late 15th century, the islands' sugar-based economy gave way to coffee and cocoa in the 19th century - all grown with plantation slave labor, a form of which lingered into the 20th century. Although independence was achieved in 1975, democratic reforms were not instituted until the late 1980s. Though the first free elections were held in 1991, the political environment has been one of continued instability with frequent changes in leadership and coup attempts in 1995 and 2003. The recent discovery of oil in the Gulf of Guinea is likely to have a significant impact on the country's economy.
Birth rate	13.33 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	41.87 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $265.2 million expenditures: $248.9 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997)	revenues: $58 million expenditures: $114 million, including capital expenditures of $54 million (1993 est.)
Capital	George Town	Sao Tome
Climate	tropical marine; warm, rainy summers (May to October) and cool, relatively dry winters (November to April)	tropical; hot, humid; one rainy season (October to May)
Coastline	160 km	209 km
Constitution	1959, revised 1972 and 1992	approved March 1990; effective 10 September 1990
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Cayman Islands	conventional long form: Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe conventional short form: Sao Tome and Principe local long form: Republica Democratica de Sao Tome e Principe local short form: Sao Tome e Principe
Currency	Caymanian dollar (KYD)	dobra (STD)
Death rate	4.7 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	7.11 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$70 million (1996)	$253.8 million (2000)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	the US does not have an embassy in Sao Tome and Principe; the Ambassador to Gabon is accredited to Sao Tome and Principe on a nonresident basis and makes periodic visits to the islands
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	Sao Tome and Principe does not have an embassy in the US, but does have a Permanent Mission to the UN, headed by First Secretary Domingos Augusto FERREIRA, located at 400 Park Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10022, telephone [1] (212) 317-0580
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	$200 million in December 2000 under the HIPC program
Economy - overview	With no direct taxation, the islands are a thriving offshore financial center. More than 40,000 companies were registered in the Cayman Islands as of 1998, including almost 600 banks and trust companies; banking assets exceed $500 billion. A stock exchange was opened in 1997. Tourism is also a mainstay, accounting for about 70% of GDP and 75% of foreign currency earnings. The tourist industry is aimed at the luxury market and caters mainly to visitors from North America. Total tourist arrivals exceeded 1.2 million in 1997, with 600,000 from the US. About 90% of the islands' food and consumer goods must be imported. The Caymanians enjoy one of the highest outputs per capita and one of the highest standards of living in the world.	This small poor island economy has become increasingly dependent on cocoa since independence 28 years ago. Cocoa production has substantially declined in recent years because of drought and mismanagement, but strengthening prices brighten prospects for 2003. Sao Tome has to import all fuels, most manufactured goods, consumer goods, and a substantial amount of food. Over the years, it has been unable to service its external debt and has had to depend on concessional aid and debt rescheduling. Sao Tome benefited from $200 million in debt relief in December 2000 under the Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) program. Sao Tome's success in implementing structural reforms has been rewarded by international donors, who pledged increased assistance in 2001. Considerable potential exists for development of a tourist industry, and the government has taken steps to expand facilities in recent years. The government also has attempted to reduce price controls and subsidies. Sao Tome is optimistic that substantial petroleum discoveries are forthcoming in its territorial waters in the oil-rich waters of the Gulf of Guinea; production could begin as early as 2004.
Electricity - consumption	355.2 million kWh (2001)	15.81 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	381.9 million kWh (2001)	17 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	fossil fuel: 41.2% hydro: 58.8% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: The Bluff 43 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico de Sao Tome 2,024 m
Environment - current issues	no natural fresh water resources; drinking water supplies must be met by rainwater catchments	deforestation; soil erosion and exhaustion
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	mixed 40%, white 20%, black 20%, expatriates of various ethnic groups 20%	mestico, angolares (descendants of Angolan slaves), forros (descendants of freed slaves), servicais (contract laborers from Angola, Mozambique, and Cape Verde), tongas (children of servicais born on the islands), Europeans (primarily Portuguese)
Exchange rates	Caymanian dollars per US dollar - 0.82 (29 October 2001), 0.83 (3 November 1995), 0.85 (22 November 1993)	dobras per US dollar - NA (2002), 8,842.11 (2001), 7,978.17 (2000), 7,118.96 (1999), 6,883.24 (1998)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); Governor Bruce DINWIDDY (since 29 May 2002) head of government: Chief Secretary W. McKeeva BUSH (since NA December 2001) cabinet: Executive Council (three members appointed by the governor, four members elected by the Legislative Assembly) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor is appointed by the monarch; the chief secretary is appointed by the governor	chief of state: President Fradique DE MENEZES (since 3 September 2001) head of government: Prime Minister Maria das NEVES (since 7 October 2002) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the proposal of the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 29 July 2001 (next to be held NA July 2006); prime minister chosen by the National Assembly and approved by the president election results: Fradique DE MENEZES elected president in Sao Tome's third multiparty presidential election; percent of vote - NA%
Exports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	turtle products, manufactured consumer goods	cocoa 80%, copra, coffee, palm oil
Exports - partners	mostly US	Netherlands 30.1%, Poland 11.8%, Canada 9.7%, Germany 7.5%, Philippines 7.5%, Spain 7.5%, Belgium 6.5%, France 4.3%, Portugal 4.3% (2002)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Caymanian coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms includes a pineapple and turtle above a shield with three stars (representing the three islands) and a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto HE HATH FOUNDED IT UPON THE SEAS	three horizontal bands of green (top), yellow (double width), and green with two black five-pointed stars placed side by side in the center of the yellow band and a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
GDP	purchasing power parity - $1.27 billion (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $200 million (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 1.4% industry: 3.2% services: 95.4% (1994 est.)	agriculture: 25% industry: 10% services: 65% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $35,000 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $1,200 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	1.7% (2002 est.)	4% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	19 30 N, 80 30 W	1 00 N, 7 00 E
Geography - note	important location between Cuba and Central America	the smallest country in Africa; the two main islands form part of a chain of extinct volcanoes and both are fairly mountainous
Highways	total: 785 km paved: 785 km (2000)	total: 320 km paved: 218 km unpaved: 102 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	offshore financial center; vulnerable to drug transshipment to the US and Europe	-
Imports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	foodstuffs, manufactured goods	machinery and electrical equipment, food products, petroleum products
Imports - partners	US, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, Netherlands Antilles, Japan	Portugal 51.4%, Germany 10.1%, UK 7.6%, Belgium 6.3% (2002)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	12 July 1975 (from Portugal)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	tourism, banking, insurance and finance, construction, construction materials, furniture	light construction, textiles, soap, beer; fish processing; timber
Infant mortality rate	total: 8.64 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.9 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.35 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	total: 46.04 deaths/1,000 live births male: 48.07 deaths/1,000 live births female: 43.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.8% (2002)	9% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UNESCO (associate)	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CEEAC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	16 (2000)	1 (2002)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	100 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Summary Court; Grand Court; Cayman Islands Court of Appeal	Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the National Assembly)
Labor force	19,820 (1995)	NA
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 1.4%, industry 12.6%, services 86% (1995)	population mainly engaged in subsistence agriculture and fishing note: shortages of skilled workers
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)	arable land: 2% permanent crops: 41% other: 57% (1998 est.)
Languages	English	Portuguese (official)
Legal system	British common law and local statutes	based on Portuguese legal system and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Assembly (18 seats, three appointed members from the Executive Council and 15 elected by popular vote; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 8 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - NA	unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (55 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 3 March 2002 (next to be held NA March 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - MLSTP 39.6%, Force for Change Democratic Movement 39.4%, Ue-Kedadji coalition 16.2%; seats by party - MLSTP 24, Force for Change Democratic Movement 23, Ue-Kedadji coalition 8
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 79.67 years male: 77.08 years female: 82.3 years (2003 est.)	total population: 66.28 years male: 64.79 years female: 67.82 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 98% female: 98% (1970 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 79.3% male: 85% female: 62% (1991 est.)
Location	Caribbean, island group in Caribbean Sea, nearly one-half of the way from Cuba to Honduras	Western Africa, islands in the Gulf of Guinea, straddling the Equator, west of Gabon
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Africa
Maritime claims	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 123 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 2,402,058 GRT/3,792,094 DWT ships by type: bulk 22, cargo 5, chemical tanker 31, container 2, liquefied gas 1, petroleum tanker 21, refrigerated cargo 35, roll on/roll off 5, specialized tanker 1 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Bahrain 2, China 1, Germany 4, Greece 27, Hong Kong 3, Italy 2, Japan 1, Norway 14, Sweden 13, United Kingdom 15, United States 35 (2002 est.)	total: 24 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 78,595 GRT/99,873 DWT ships by type: bulk 2, cargo 15, chemical tanker 1, livestock carrier 1, petroleum tanker 2, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 2 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Egypt 1, Greece 1, Kenya 1, Portugal 1, Syria 1, Turkey 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	-
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; Royal Cayman Islands Police Force (RCIPF)	Army, Navy, Security Police
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$400,000 (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	0.8% (FY01)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 36,905 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 19,443 (2003 est.)
National holiday	Constitution Day, first Monday in July	Independence Day, 12 July (1975)
Nationality	noun: Caymanian(s) adjective: Caymanian	noun: Sao Tomean(s) adjective: Sao Tomean
Natural hazards	hurricanes (July to November)	NA
Natural resources	fish, climate and beaches that foster tourism	fish, hydropower
Net migration rate	19.27 migrant(s)/1,000 population note: major destination for Cubans trying to migrate to the US (2003 est.)	-2.93 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders	there are no formal political parties but the following loose groupings act as political organizations; National Team [leader NA]; Democratic Alliance [leader NA]; Team Cayman [leader NA]; United Democratic Party [leader NA]	Democratic Renovation Party [Armindo GRACA]; Force for Change Democratic Movement [leader NA]; Independent Democratic Action or ADI [Carlos NEVES]; Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe-Social Democratic Party or MLSTP-PSD [Manuel Pinto Da COSTA]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Aldo BANDEIRA]; Ue-Kedadji coalition [leader NA]; other small parties
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	41,934 (July 2003 est.)	175,883 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	2.79% (2003 est.)	3.18% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	Cayman Brac, George Town	Santo Antonio, Sao Tome
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 1 (2002)
Railways	0 km	0 km
Religions	United Church (Presbyterian and Congregational), Anglican, Baptist, Church of God, other Protestant, Roman Catholic	Christian 80% (Roman Catholic, Evangelical Protestant, Seventh-Day Adventist)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: 1 submarine coaxial cable; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: adequate facilities domestic: minimal system international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	19,000 (1995)	4,600 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular	2,534 (1995)	6,942 (1997)
Television broadcast stations	1 with cable system	2 (2002)
Terrain	low-lying limestone base surrounded by coral reefs	volcanic, mountainous
Total fertility rate	1.91 children born/woman (2003 est.)	5.88 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	4.1% (1997)	NA%
Waterways	none	none

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